中国政法大学哲学系;
塞拉斯共相唯名论的核心环节是抽象指称还原论，其中包含“化实为虚”和“化一为多”两个步骤。布兰顿批评这一思路在语义和语用之间作了不当推理。本文指出，这一批评所根据的“说”与“做”的区别在塞拉斯语言观的最基础层次并不适用。塞拉斯的共相唯名论主要在关于天人之际的显白图景中证成，与科学实在论配合，构成完整的自然主义世界观。虽然共相和现象都在某个意义上并非实在，但共相唯名论和现象唯心论所分别涉及的实在性并不相同。共相问题的本质是规范性的地位问题，而规范性的语境不是对世界的描述，因而可以贯通显白和科学两个图景。
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(1)The manifest and the scientific images of man-in-the-world.此处“显白”与“隐微”相对,因为科学图景的本质特征是它假设不可见(“隐微”)之对象及过程以解释可见(“显白”)事物的性质及其联系。
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:B081.1
引用信息:
[1]梁辰.共相唯名论与现象唯心论——塞拉斯形而上学研究[J].哲学研究,2025(02):161-171.
基金信息:
北京市社会科学基金重点规划项目“自然化的现象学：理论、实践与方法”(编号23ZXA003)资助