哲学研究

在《资本论》的辩证法讨论中,西方学界存在过分关注价值形式的倾向,以致在马克思和黑格尔的关系问题上产生了不少曲解。回到马克思创作《资本论》的微观历程中去,依据《1861—1863年经济学手稿》《1863—1865年经济学手稿》的文本分析,可知:马克思在政治经济学批判中重新发现黑格尔辩证法,同样经过了艰苦的探索历程。"资本一般"概念的提出和放弃,以及资本主义物化批判与价值形式分析的关联都表明,辩证法的合理形态就是政治经济学批判的科学叙述方式。贯穿马克思对黑格尔辩证法唯物主义批判改造始终的,是对现实抽象的解析与说明。

In the discussion of dialectics in Capital,too much attention has been paid on the value form,which leads to some misunderstandings on the relation between Marx and Hegel.However,by way of revisiting Marx's approaches in the making of Capital,especially in Economic Manuscripts of 1861-1863 and Economic Manuscripts of 1863-1865,we find that Marx's rediscovery of Hegelian dialectics in his critique of political economy is much more complex than supposed.Both of his proposition and abortion of "capital in general" and the discussion of the relationship between fetishism critique and value form elucidate that the rational form of dialectics is the scientific exposition of critique of political economy.A further interpretation of Marx's materialist appropriation of Hegelian dialectics can be found in his critical studies on the real abstraction in capitalist mode of production.