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在当代科学发展出现新态势的大背景下，人工智能与科学研究的深度融合正为科学哲学带来一系列新问题，直面这些问题并展开创造性研究，不仅是当下科学哲学的新使命，还是其走向繁荣和发展的新机遇。要胜任这一新使命，则有赖于科学哲学与科学发现、科学哲学与人工智能之间实现积极互动。一方面，科学哲学不仅能为基于人工智能的科学发现建立新的认识论基础和方法论原则，还能为人工智能的进一步发展提供颇有价值的思想资源；另一方面，科学的新发现和人工智能的新成果不仅给科学哲学带来新问题，还可为求解科学哲学中的传统问题提供新思路或新方法。
Abstract：In the context of the new trend of contemporary scientific development,the deep integration of artificial intelligence and scientific research is bringing a series of new questions to the philosophy of science.Confronting these questions and conducting creative research therewith is not only the new mission for the philosophy of science today,but also a new opportunity for it to regain its prosperity and growth.The carrying out of this new mission depends on the positive interactions between the philosophy of science,scientific discovery and artificial intelligence:on the one hand,the philosophy of science can provide valuable resources to AI-driven scientific discovery and artificial intelligence;on the other hand,new discoveries in science and artificial intelligence can offer new ideas or methods on how to solve the problems in the philosophy of science.
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(1)2024年的诺贝尔化学奖(一半)已授予深智团队的负责人戴米斯·哈萨比斯(Demis Hassabis)和约翰·M.乔普(John M.Jumper),以表彰他们所取得的这一成就。
(2)AlphaFold2主要采用特定的变换器架构和强化学习策略对蛋白质结构数据进行训练,而新近推出的AlphaFold3增加了扩散模型,功能更为强大。
(3)这里的“大科学”是指以人工智能作为工具和基础设施的多学科交叉或融合的科学研究,“新型”则是相对于此前以大型实验装置和物质设施为标志的“大科学”而言的。
(4)这一判据是:“对于一种现象P而言,如果存在着关于P的可懂(intelligible)理论T,以至科学家在没有实施精确演算的情况下就能定性地识别T的特有结果,则P就是能被理解的。”(De Regt and Dieks,pp.137-170)
基本信息:
中图分类号:TP18;N02;B82-02
引用信息:
[1]郦全民.科学哲学的新使命：基于人工智能驱动科学研究的考察[J].哲学研究,2025(04):118-128+176.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重点项目“人工智能驱动科学的哲学基础研究”(编号23AZX020)的阶段性成果
2025-04-25
2025-04-25